Exposures to pollutants and contaminants can occur through water or soil, which can be contaminated naturally or through human activities. The toxicity and adverse health effects of these substances ...

Soils underpin a wide array of functions that sustain terrestrial ecosystems and human well-being. These functions encompass physical support for plant growth, storage and regulation of water and ...

Heavy metal contamination of soils arises from diverse sources including mining, industrial emissions, agricultural inputs and urban runoff. These metals—such as cadmium, lead, arsenic, mercury and ...