"The whole genome shows scars," Curtis said. "It's not limited to particular oncogenes." In contrast, garden-variety hormone-receptor positive, HER-2 negative breast cancers with typical risks of ...

Figure 1: Oncogene Her2/neu-initiated, Akt-mediated p21 Cip1/WAF1 inactivation as a suppressor of tumour growth and the cell cycle.

Here we focus on the transformation assay, which scientists first used to identify oncogenes and tumor suppressors and study their affect on cell cycle progression. Even more important will be ...