The Japanese apogamous fern Dryopteris yakusilvicola was previously thought to be a hybrid of D. sabaei and D. sparsa var. sparsa based on morphological characterization and enzyme electrophoresis.

The monilophytes Blechnum spicant (L.) Sm. and Dryopteris affinis ssp. affinis (Lowe) Fraser-Jenkins show different reproductive strategies under in vitro conditions. While B. spicant exhibits asexual ...

Dryopteris wallichiana is an outstandingly hardy fern, with upright stems covered in brown-black bristly hairs. When the low sun of late autumn and winter slants through it, the contrast between the ...

Dryopteris cristata (L.) A. Gray is a long-lived, lowland, homosporous fern of wet bogs and swampy woodland with a temperate to subarctic, circumpolar distribution (Dostal et al., 1984); the Alps are ...

Delicate as lace, or seemingly tough as leather, ferns can be found in climates ranging from rain forest to tundra. It's no wonder that they find their way to so many Pacific Northwest gardens.

Some live in water; others grow on trees. In 400 million years, these versatile plants have developed some surprising variations. By Margaret Roach If you want suggestions of ferns to use as ground ...